Piltdown Man was based on fossil specimens found by Charles Dawson near Piltdown, England in 1912.
Image:Piltdown excavation.jpg
Excavating the Piltdown gravels in 1911, with Dawson (right) and Smith Woodward (center).

Piltdown man was said to be found by an amateur fossil hunter named Charles Dawson. He claimed to have found pieces of a human skull from a gravel pit in Piltdown, England. He also claimed that he found ape-like lower jaw with human-like teeth after additional digging. The two claimed finds were assigned to the same person who was said to be at least 500,000 years old.

Image and Info Source:
http://creationwiki.org/Piltdown_Man