The primary function of a creation
scientist is to investigate the nature of our world from the intelligent
design perspective.
We must theorize from our unique point of view if the truth is
to be understood. Given the effect of the theory of evolution on
people's ability to believe in God, evolutionary biology
is probably the most important topic for a creationist to study.
It is only with the absolute truth that we can effectively counter
secular mis-information, and the facts will only be determined
following adequate development of ID evolutionary biology theory.
Creationary evolution may indeed be the field of science requiring the
greatest amount of attention today.
Introduction to Creationary Evolution
Evolution
is an atheistic theory that attempts to explain the presence of life on
earth without God. Scientists
assert that the earth developed through purely natural processes following a great cosmic explosion
called the big-bang. They believe that living
microbes simply developed following a series of random reactions within a
spontaneous aggregate
of molecules. Furthermore, the theory of evolution teaches that all
organisms on earth are related to the same common ancestor. This
perspective is a striking contrast to the Biblical version of creation,
which teaches that God created the universe and many
kinds of plants and animals on earth during a period of time
equivalent to 6 of our days. In addition, the Bible clearly states that
God created humans distinct from the animals during that same period
of time.
1 Corinthians 15:39 - For not all
flesh is alike, but there is one kind for men, another for animals,
another for birds, and another for fish.
It is certain that life on earth evolves. However, according
to the Bible life began evolving after the
creation of the many kinds necessary to
support life on earth. God apparently created all organisms on earth with
the ability to evolve through systematic
self genetic engineering.
It is true that plants and animals are constantly changing, and
new species are developing all the time, but there are distinct
animal types alive today and in the fossil record, and few transitional
forms exist to support the claims that all creatures have evolved
from a common ancestor as the evolutionists propose. In addition, the
animals found in the fossil record are typically
identical to those found alive today.
The Bible refers to many kinds of animals. These Biblical
"kinds" are probably most
synonymous with the Family level of scientific classification;
such as canine, feline and bovine. Following their release from
the ark, these various kinds of animals
evolved into all the various species we see alive today.
Although organisms are classified based on similarities and differences
of characteristics, evolutionary perspectives have influenced
the groupings of organisms due to presupposed relationships.
Therefore, the Family level can not be held as an absolute definition
of the "kinds" of animals God created. It would
appear certain that in some instances other groups such as the Genus or
Order may represent the Biblical kinds. Generally speaking
however, all the species within each mammalian Families could have evolved from only a reintroduced pair following the
flood.
What's Driving Evolution?
All organisms were created with the ability
to adapt to a wide variety of ecological conditions. However,
we are being taught that random mutations, (such as copying errors
and genomic changes induced by external mutagens), are responsible
for evolution of species on earth today, and this is simply untrue.
Evolution occurs by design through internally
performed cellular reactions. Geneticists have known for
decades that offspring variability was the result of homologous
crossing-over reactions that occur during the division of cells
used for sexual reproduction (meiosis). Prior to dividing, the
DNA within the cell condenses and rearranges itself. These recombination
reactions are still almost completely uncharacterized, nor are
we yet able to subsequently determine what specific changes were
made.
The differences among children from the
same parents, or between various breeds of animals are not due
to mutations. It is a matter of historic fact that the domestic
breeds were created through a succession of genetic recombination
and artificial selection. All the dog
breeds were bred from the wolf and progeny by humans. Physically
unique populations in nature are created in the same way. Evolution
likewise occurs through a history of recombination and natural selection.
Externally induced mutations or copying errors may induce some
genomic change, but they are simply insignificant in comparison
to the rearrangements being performed by the cell during meiosis.
These reactions are specifically produced to introduce offspring
variability and thereby drive evolution. Meiotic
recombination is the principal source of genetic alterations
that creates offspring variability, and yet we are being erroneously
taught that evolution is the result of random mutation.
The Pure Breed or Genetic Homozygote
Recombination events (crossing over and
independent assortment of homologues) are responsible for the
variations of characteristics possessed by offspring from the
same parent. These differences can have advantages or disadvantages
in various regions and therefore provide differing chances of
survival. For selection to be effective in transforming the population
into a more beneficial form, the selected characteristic must
be passed to future offspring at a higher frequency. This occurs
because inbreeding any feature will transform the species into
a pure breed for the selected trait.
Selection
for a particular trait creates a genetically
homozygote population or pure breed. A pure breed can be easily
generated by inbreeding a desired feature and testing the offspring for
their ability sire progeny with variability. When a trait is selected or
inbred, alternative genes are eliminated, and the result is a genetically
limited organism. The establishment of pure breeds has been well
documented by breeders of all kinds. It is clear that all sexually
reproducing organisms possess the ability to produce offspring possessing
variable forms, and selection removes genes from the population.
Speciation
The success of any kind is greatly enhanced
by speciation, or the formation of an isolated subpopulation.
The physical separation enables the new group to become unique
during the adaptation to a different niche or habitat. Evolution
is the process of specializing to specific conditions. Adaptive
specialization greatly improves the immediate survival potential
of the species, but it also makes them more prone to complete
extinction if conditions change. Therefore, speciation allows
subgroups each to specialize independently giving the kind greater
survivability as well.
A
species is a of naturally occurring breeding group which are
reproductively isolated from other such groups. Many separate
"species" can interbreed in captive situations, but
in nature have developed color distinctions, mating calls or
gestures which allows them to distinguish their group from another
and they remain reproductively isolated. When a group of animals
remains isolated; natural selection and genetic recombination
events alter the genome of the population independent of other
species. If the genomic changes are significant, the homologues
possessed by two related can become unable to pair and crossover
during the first mitotic division following fertilization, and
the groups are thereby reproductively incompatible. If any two
groups are isolated and kept from interbreeding for 40 generations,
they will become second generation sterile. For instance, the
donkey and the horse can interbreed and their offspring, the
mule is sterile. If the two groups are isolated for 100 generations,
they will become first generation sterile and will not be able
to interbreed with each other. Therefore, two animals could be
progeny from the same Biblical "kind" even if they
cannot currently interbreed.
Conclusion
The variations of characteristics isolated
from domesticated animals by professional breeders provides us
with the minimum quantity of evolutionary potential these organisms
possess. These various breeds of animals are not mutants, nor
are the variation of species found in nature such as the finches.
The scientific community is now almost totally
atheistic, and is refusing to accept the intentional
production of genetic variability which is being produced
by the cell through homologous
recombination. They believe that life has originated and
is evolving through random mechanisms, which are not reliant
upon living systems, and mutations are therefore a theoretic
necessity. Geneticists have conclusively proven that the changes
selected during classic breeding are the result of cellular reactions,
but evolutionists are teaching that any variation in nature is
the result of random mutations.
Do not be misled. Evolution
occurs by design, and began following the creation of the
many kinds of organisms required to sustain life on earth.
Helpful Definitions
- Microevolution - Adaptive change that
occurs within a population including speciation.
- Macroevolution - The evolution of higher taxa. The long-term history of an organism's speciations,
adaptations, and extinctions leads to
the formation of taxonomic groups above the species level.
- Species - A natural population, that is
reproductively isolated from other such groups.
- Mutation - A change in genetic material
resulting from errors during replication, recombination, or exposures
to mutagens. Mutations can be beneficial, harmful or neutral.
- Recombination - A intentional change in genetic material
produced by cellular machinery. Recombinants
can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral, and are largely responsible
for offspring variability leading to evolution.
- Glossary of Evolution Terms by PBS
THIS PAGE IS PART OF OUR INTRODUCTION
TO CREATION SCIENCE
USE THE ARROWS TO BROWSE THROUGH A SELECTED SET OF TOPICS.
